Peace And Human Rights Issues And Concepts.pdf
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The CEDAW Convention is the Convention which constitutes the most ambitious legal instrument ever developed to protect the rights of women, covering a wide range of human rights issues, including race, religion, economic, social, and cultural rights. The Convention was opened for signature on November 9, 1979, and entered into force for all states on June 12, 1981.
On May 28, 2003, the Commission on Human Rights, mandated to advise the Council on the implementation of its decisions, adopted, for the first time, the optional protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights on the right to a fair trial.
In its first annual report, the Commission on Human Rights included a list of states that have not yet fully implemented the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. This list was circulated to all states members of the Council.
It is important that states comply with their international human rights obligations. In this regard, the Commission also notes with concern the serious shortcomings in the implementation by some member states of their obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW).
The CRC is the Convention that constitutes the most ambitious political instrument ever developed to promote the rights of children, which provides a global legal framework applicable to all states for the protection of children’s rights.
The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights has three parts. Part I deals with the rules of procedure of the State under review. Part II deals with the rights of the accused (Article 5 (2)). Part III deals with the rules of evidence (Article 6 (2)).
In its first annual report, the HRC noted that the CRC had been ratified by only 43 states, of which only two, Swaziland and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, were high-income countries. It also noted that the Committee on the Rights of the Child has never met and only one of the 88 member states, the Republic of Korea, had submitted a report to the Committee on the Worst Forms of Child Labour.
The UN has also been active in documenting and denouncing violations of human rights by non-state actors. In July 2016, the Council of the Commission on the Status of Women adopted a resolution on the situation in the Middle East and North Africa, including Yemen, expressing serious concern at the continuing widespread and systematic persecution of women and girls in the region. The resolution further called on all parties to the conflict to ensure that women and girls are protected from all violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including those related to freedom of expression, association, peaceful assembly, and religion or belief. It also called on parties to the conflict to provide immediate and unfettered access to humanitarian assistance, and to provide immediate and unhindered access to medical care and treatment. 827ec27edc